Prostatitis

Prostatitis is characterized as inflammation of the prostate tissue, which occurs due to the development of congestion in it.

In the modern world, it is the most common urological disease among men of all ages. According to statistics, after 30 years of age, prostatitis covers 30% of the male population, after 40 - 40%, after 50 - 50% and still in ascending order.

However, taking into account the peculiarities of the diagnosis and the possibility of the course of the disease in a latent form, the actual figures are much higher.

Reasons for development

Currently, the causes of prostatitis are divided into two major groups:

1. Infectious - (sexually transmitted infections (penetration into prostate tissue pathogens - microbes, viruses, bacteria, fungi, etc. ): also the presence of foci of chronic infection (chronic tonsillitis, sinusitis, kidney pathology), pelvic surgery, etc. ).
2. Non-infectious (stagnant) (decreased immunity, hypothermia, reduced physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, prolonged sexual abstinence and, conversely, excessive sexual activity, alcohol abuse, etc. ).

Injuries, impaired blood and lymph circulation in the pelvic organs, hormonal disorders (absolute or relative androgen deficiency) contribute to the development of prostatitis.

It is therefore emphasized that the isolated entry of pathogens into organ tissues is not always and does not necessarily cause the development of the disease. The most common pathogen is Escherichia coli (86%), followed by Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. As for streptococcus, staphylococcus, chlamydia, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, the opinions of researchers on their importance in the development of the disease differ. It is extremely rare for the causes of prostatitis to become specific pathogens (pale treponema, Koch's bacillus, etc. ).

Classification

Currently, the international classification of prostatitis has been adopted, which is the most complete and includes all types of inflammation:

1. Category I. Acute prostatitis;
2. Category II. Chronic bacterial prostatitis;
3. Category III. Non-bacterial chronic prostatitis / Chronic pelvic pain syndrome - a disease in which no infection lasting more than 3 months is detected;
• Subcategory III A. Chronic inflammatory pelvic pain syndrome (leukocytes are determined in prostate secretion);
• Subcategory III B. Chronic non-inflammatory pelvic pain syndrome (no leukocytes in prostate secretion);
• Category IV. Asymptomatic chronic prostatitis (leukocytes are present in the secretion of the prostate, the patient does not complain, the disease is detected by chance).

The first signs

The main signs of acute prostatitis are an increase in body temperature and frequent urination, which is accompanied by cramps and low blood pressure. In addition, signs of prostatitis include tingling in the perineum and pain in the rectum during bowel movements. In the stage of purulent inflammation, spontaneous opening of the abscess and discharge of pus from the urethra or rectum is possible.

Symptoms of the chronic form are burning in the urethra and perineum, excretion of pus at the end of the act of defecation or urination, increased fatigue and irritability of the body.

Difficulty urinating in prostatitis is very dangerous, which, in the absence of timely treatment, can lead to acute urinary retention. Men should not ignore such indirect signs of the development of prostatitis as complete or partial decrease in libido, accelerated ejaculation, sometimes painful, prolonged erection at night. All these symptoms are characteristic of inflammation of the prostate, even in the uncomplicated stage, and are subject to adequate treatment.

Symptoms

If acute prostatitis is simply impossible not to notice, then in chronic prostatitis many do not notice certain signs or do not attach special importance to them.

Here are the main symptoms of prostatitis in men:

1. Problems urinating. Due to the narrowing of the urethra, the jet may become slow, thin, or intermittent. In order to empty, the patient must make an effort, which should not be normal. Sometimes urine literally has to be excreted drop by drop, especially in the initial phase of the act of urination. Painful sensations often occur. Many patients have a frequent need to urinate (especially at night), which is due to irritation of nerve endings. Many even after going to the toilet have a feeling that the bladder is not completely emptied, this is due to an enlarged prostate and bladder compression. In severe cases, involuntary leakage of urine or incontinence may occur.
2. Painful sensations. They are usually localized in the perineum, pubis or testicles, in the groin or in the lumbar region. The pain can appear suddenly and pass just as quickly, it is often quite strong, but more often it is dull or painful.
3. Sexual problems will inevitably arise. First, libido will be significantly reduced. Second, erection problems may occur. Third, due to ejaculation problems (ejaculation), the average duration of sexual intercourse will change: it may become short due to early ejaculation or, conversely, too long due to delayed ejaculation. Fourth, the sensations will also change, because the orgasm will not be great. Fifth, the volume of sperm will be significantly reduced (only a few drops can be released, which is not normal).
4. Another characteristic symptom is problems with conception. If a man is planning a child, then with prostatitis fertilization becomes impossible due to unsustainability or insufficient sperm motility.
5. Discharge from the urethra. They are usually white in color and slimy in texture and are most common in the morning.
6. In the acute course there is an increase in body temperature (up to 38-39 °), fever, worsening of the general condition, weakness, malaise and other similar manifestations. Such symptoms of prostatitis usually appear suddenly, without any preconditions.

In addition, many have psychological problems associated with the above symptoms. A person may become insecure, his self-esteem will be greatly reduced, he will be depressed or irritable and nervous. Many members of the stronger sex are ashamed of such delicate problems and do not consider it necessary to talk about them, keeping everything to themselves. And this creates a lot of pressure on the psyche, changes behavior and in some cases can lead to depression or nervous breakdown.

Chronic prostatitis

Many men do not pay much attention to the manifestations of prostatitis in the early stages. These are unobtrusive painful sensations in the bladder area, a frequent desire to go to the toilet. Violation of normal ejaculation and erection is associated with stronger sex with age and do not rush to the doctor. Such a frivolous attitude leads to the development of chronic prostatitis.

Thus, we list the common symptoms of various forms of chronic prostatitis:

1. Feeling of discomfort and cuts in the urethra during urination or sexual intercourse, less serous-purulent discharge from the urethra (mostly after prolonged urinary retention).
2. Discomfort and / or moderate pain in the form of "pain" and heaviness in the perineal region, which occurs or worsens after consuming alcoholic beverages, physical activity, sexual intercourse. Sometimes they are transient paroxysmal in nature.
3. Decreased ability to fertilize, which is caused by an increase in the acidity of secretions, a decrease or lack of sperm motility and their agglutination (sticking) to the heads.
4. Sudden frequent urge to urinate (sometimes up to 3 times within 1 hour) and a feeling of insufficient emptying of the bladder, which is explained by the violation of nerve regulation of the prostate, its muscle fibers and bladder.
5. Pain during orgasm or blurred feelings of orgasm, ejaculation disorders, expressed in its premature or, conversely, in the excessive duration of sexual intercourse. These phenomena are associated with an inflammatory process in the area of the seminal tubercle or scarring as a result of inflammation.

To diagnose the disease, it is necessary to visit a urologist. With the help of tests, the doctor makes a diagnosis and prescribes a course of drug treatment.

Diagnosis

In order to make an accurate diagnosis, a man should be examined by a doctor and tested. In prostatitis, the patient feels pain on palpation in the perineal region. Internal palpation of the rectum shows the presence of swelling in the prostate area, it becomes thick to the touch. The patient complains of problems with the genitourinary system. After collecting the anamnesis, the patient should undergo a detailed blood test for the presence of excess protein, increased number of leukocytes and prostate antigen.

To rule out infection, the patient must be given a swab from the urethra. The laboratory will inoculate the identified bacteria and test their susceptibility to certain types of antibiotics. An ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs is performed for an accurate image. It clearly shows inflammation and enlargement of the prostate. If the gland has grown strongly, then the presence of residual urine in the bladder can be seen on ultrasound.

After all the tests and examinations, the man will be given a complete diagnosis and prescribed treatment.

Drugs for the treatment of prostatitis in men: a list

Complex treatment of prostatitis of different types may include different combinations of the following methods:

• immunocorrective therapy;
• antibiotic therapy;
• hormone therapy;
• various physiotherapy procedures;
• prostate massage;
• lifestyle changes;
• surgical interventions, etc.

Treatment of prostatitis with drugs includes various drugs, including antibiotics:

• alpha blockers;
• hormonal drugs;
• muscle relaxants;
• immunomodulators;
• rectal suppositories;
• antibacterial drugs.

When treated with antibiotics, fluoroquinolones and macrolides are preferred, because they are able to accumulate in the required concentration in prostate tissues.

• Fluoroquinolones.
• Macrolides.
• Less used: penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines.

Prostate massage

Prostate massage gives good results. The gland gets a complex effect. First of all, it becomes possible to remove from the body the inflammatory secretion that has accumulated in the prostate (it is released during the massage). Improving blood circulation through these manipulations allows you to cope with all types of stagnation, and also contributes to the good penetration of antibiotics into the glandular tissue.

A set of exercises

Prostate Exercises:

1. Absolutely not a difficult exercise is used for both treatment and prevention. It consists of squeezing and relaxing the muscles of the anus. It is these muscles that are responsible for keeping the nozzle when urinating. Try to tighten and relax the muscle group. This will increase blood flow to the gland area.
2. Use a contrast shower to improve circulation. To do this, direct a jet of water at the perineum. First, 30 seconds of very hot water, then 10 seconds of cold.
3. In the absence of acute symptoms, you can massage. This is done to improve blood flow. The exercise is best performed lying down. The point of massage is the gap between the anus and the scrotum. Pressures should be firm but not aggressive. Time is 3-5 minutes.

Be sure to consult your doctor before exercising. Sometimes their use is categorically unacceptable.

Immunocorrection

Decreased immunity negatively affects health.

This factor is one of the basic factors in the development of the disease and its worsening. Long-term courses of antibiotics, which are mandatory in long-term prostatitis, also reduce the body's defenses. Therefore, the patient is recommended to consult an immunologist in order to choose a strategy for immunocorrection.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy of chronic prostatitis is aimed at activating blood circulation.

For this purpose, the patient is exposed to a laser, ultrasound and magnetic vibrations are used. In some cases, these procedures are replaced by warm medicinal enemas, which are regularly given to the patient. Recommend sedentary baths, mud treatments, mineral water.

Candles

All suppositories for the treatment of prostatitis have one of the properties: they relieve pain (non-steroidal drugs), relieve cramps (papaverine-based), eliminate the inflammatory process (contain antibiotics).

Alternative methods of treating prostatitis

Treatment of prostatitis at home is carried out only with uncomplicated forms or chronic relapse. Traditional methods can increase the body's resistance to infections and relieve pain.

1. Pumpkin seeds have long been used by healers in the treatment of prostatitis. They are a good and very affordable folk remedy for this condition. Since these seeds contain a lot of zinc, which is necessary for every man at any age, they quickly cure prostatitis. You only need to eat 30 seeds a day before meals. This is the daily amount of zinc for the body.
2. The seed and root of the plant are suitable. The crushed roots of the plant are boiled for 10 minutes in the amount of half a cup of raw material per 1 liter of water. The whole amount of soup is drunk in equal portions instead of water. The seeds are boiled in 4 teaspoons per cup of boiling water. Insist for 40 minutes in a pot or 15 minutes in a thermos. Consume about 3-5 times a day per tablespoon.
3. The main ingredient is hazelnut. For the treatment of prostatitis it is necessary to take either the bark or leaves of hazelnuts. You can cook both ingredients alternately, alternately. Just keep in mind that the crust needs to be cooked twice as long as it is firmer. So, take one tablespoon of hazelnut leaves (or bark) and boil it in a glass of boiling water. Close the lid tightly and wait for half an hour. Then strain and take 1/4 cup 4 times a day. It is better to use fresh twigs each time, but you can also use those already used several times. A week of such procedures is usually enough - and the prostatitis disappears.
4. Candles are made in the freezer to treat the disease. For the dough, take 1 teaspoon of honey, 1 egg and about 3 tablespoons of flour. The components are mixed until they become smooth, forming candles. It is used in two courses in the morning and in the evening, 1 piece for 1 month with an interval of 10 days.
5. Celandine is used with caution. The plant is poisonous, overdose leads to severe poisoning. In parallel, the drug from celandine will cleanse the body of polyps, neoplasms, cysts and will prevent prostate adenoma. Freshly squeezed juice is diluted with alcohol in equal parts. Drink daily, dilute in 50 ml of water. Start the treatment with 1 drop, increasing the concentration by 1 drop every day for 60 days. After 10 days the course is repeated.

Most folk remedies are used 1-3 times a day for 20-30 days. Treatment with home remedies from medicinal herbs due to their mild action lasts longer than drugs, but is safer for the body, especially in the presence of concomitant diseases of the intestines and stomach. Treatment must be accompanied by gymnastics: leg raises, squats. Intensive walking for 15-30 minutes a day is recommended.

Complications of prostatitis

In the absence of timely and adequate treatment, prostatitis can be complicated by the following conditions:

• development of chronic prostatitis;
• bladder obstruction;
• development of infertility;
• recurrent cystitis;
• narrowing of the urethra;
• pyelonephritis;
• prostate abscess;
• sepsis.

Some of these conditions require urgent surgical intervention!

Prevention measures

Prevention comes down to avoiding provoking factors. A healthy lifestyle, protected sexual relations and the presence of one partner will reduce the probability of infection of the genitourinary system. General strengthening of the organism and strengthened immune defense are also a preventive measure for prostatitis.